{"id":1058,"date":"2016-10-27T16:40:19","date_gmt":"2016-10-27T16:40:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/iis\/?page_id=1058"},"modified":"2016-10-27T16:40:19","modified_gmt":"2016-10-27T16:40:19","slug":"canadas-islands-and-the-military","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/research\/canadas-islands-database\/canadas-islands-and-the-military\/","title":{"rendered":"Canada&#8217;s Islands Database: The Military"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading\">3 \u2013 Canada&#8217;s Islands and the Military<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<h1 class=\"title\">&nbsp;<\/h1>\n<h1 class=\"tabs\">&nbsp;<strong>3.1 THE GEOSTRATEGIC ROLE OF ISLANDS<\/strong><\/h1>\n<div class=\"node\">\n<div class=\"content\">\n<p>Since the 17th Century, Canada\u2019s islands have been linked to French, British and Canadian Military activities. Below is a thematic classification of these islands, according to the multiple roles they have played and their place in Canadian military history. These examples include islands in the St. Lawrence axis, the Great Lakes and the Gulf of St. Lawrence .<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fortress<\/strong><strong> Islands<\/strong><strong> and defence structures:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Louisbourg, Isle Royale ( Cape Breton), Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1758<\/li>\n<li>Fort L\u00e9vis , Chimney Island (Ontario), St. Lawrence River, 1760<\/li>\n<li>Fort William Augustus, Chimney Island (Ontario), St. Lawrence River, 1760<\/li>\n<li>Fort Haldim and, Carleton Island (New York), Thousand Islands archipelago, St. Lawrence River, American Revolution<\/li>\n<li>Fortifications, Island of Montreal, St. Lawrence River, 1685<\/li>\n<li>Fort of Sainte-H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Island, Montreal archipelago, St. Lawrence River, 1820-1830, 1849, Fenians\u2019 Raid<\/li>\n<li>Blockhaus, Chimney Island, (Ontario), Saint Lawrence River, War of 1812-1814<\/li>\n<li>Martello Tower, Cedar Island, (Ontario), Thousand Islands archipelago, St. Lawrence River, Oregon Affair<\/li>\n<li>Salaberry Island, St. Lawrence River, War of 1812-1814<\/li>\n<li>Fort of Ile aux Noix, Richelieu River , 1759<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Prison Islands:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prisoner\u2019s Island (or Arthur) St. Lawrence River, American Revolution<\/li>\n<li>Sainte- H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Island, Montreal archipelago, St. Lawrence River, following the Rebellion of 1837-38 and World War II<\/li>\n<li>Island of Montreal, St. Lawrence River (Pied-du-Courant Prison), War of the Patriots<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Espionnage Posts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Anticosti Island, Gulf of St. Lawrence, World War I and II<\/li>\n<li>Ile d&#8217;Orl\u00e9ans, St. Lawrence River, World War I<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Watch Posts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Isle aux Chevreuils (Carleton Island), Thousand Islands archipelago, St. Lawrence River, Seven Year War<\/li>\n<li>I le des Francs Tireurs, St. Lawrence River, War of 1812-1814<\/li>\n<li>Grenadier Island, St. Lawrence River, War of 1812-1814<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Assembly Posts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Grenadier Island, St. Lawrence River, War of 1812-1814<\/li>\n<li>Iles du Bic, St. Lawrence Island, Seven Year War<\/li>\n<li>Hickory Island, Thousand Islands archipelago, St. Lawrence River, War of the Patriots<\/li>\n<li>Island of Montreal and Ile J\u00e9sus, Montreal archipelago, Saint Lawrence River, War of the Patriots<\/li>\n<li>Ile Sainte-H\u00e9l\u00e8ne, Montreal archipelago, American Revolution<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Refuge for Deserters:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Thousand Islands archipelago, St. Lawrence River, War of 1812-14<\/li>\n<li>Ile au Diable, Montreal archipelago, World War I<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Military Camps:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ile Perrot, Montreal archipelago, St. Lawrence River, French-Iroquois Wars, Seven Year War<\/li>\n<li>Ile des Soeurs , Montreal archipelago, American Revolution<\/li>\n<li>Ile d&#8217;Orl\u00e9ans, St. Lawrence River, Seven Year War<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Neutral Areas for Peace Talks:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Isle aux Chevreuils (Carleton Island), Thousand Islands archipelago, St. Lawrence River, French-Iro quois Wars<\/li>\n<li>Island of Montreal, St. Lawrence River, 1701, French-Iroquois Wars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Super Secret Research Stations<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Grosse Ile, St. Lawrence River, World War II<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>3.2 NATIONAL HISTORIC DESIGNATIONS AND MILITARY HISTORY&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Battle of l&#8217;\u00eele-aux-Noix &#8211; <\/strong>Ile-aux-Noix, Quebec<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Historic event, a reminder of the War of 1812 and the capture of American sloops Eagle and Growler, 1813<br \/>Designated in 1923; a plaque was dedicated in 1927<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Battle<\/strong><strong> of Signal Hill &#8211; Newfoundland<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Historic event commemorating the final battle of the Seven Year War in North America, 1762<br \/>Designated in 1959; a plaque was dedicated in 1961<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Beaumont-Hamel<\/strong> &#8211; Beaumont-Hamel<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Site which stands as a reminder of the achievements, contribution, and sacrifice of Newfoundland during the World War I<br \/>Designated in 1996; a plaque was dedicated in 1997<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Bois Blanc Island Blockhaus &#8211; <\/strong>Bois Blanc Island, Ontario<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Wooden Blockhaus built in 1839 following the Rebellion of 1837<br \/>The site was designated in 1961<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Montreal<\/strong><strong> \u2019s Surrender <\/strong>&#8211; Montreal<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>The events surrounding Montreal\u2019s rendering in 1760<br \/>Designated in 1952<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Castle Hill <\/strong>&#8211; Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>French and British fortifications dating back to the 17th and 18th century<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Fort Amherst &#8211; <\/strong>St. John&#8217;s, Newfoundland and Labrador<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Site of the 1777 fortification in the St. John&#8217;s harbour<br \/>Designated in 1951; a plaque was dedicated in 1970<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Ile-Grassy Fort <\/strong>&#8211; Canso, Nova Scotia<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Ruins of fortification dating back to the 18th century<br \/>Designated in 1962<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Fort Lennox <\/strong>&#8211; Saint-Paul-de-l&#8217;\u00eele-aux-Noix, Quebec<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Remarkable example of fortifications dating back to the 19th century<br \/>Designated in 1920; a plaque was dedicated in 1926<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Fort McNab <\/strong>&#8211; McNab Island, Halifax, Nova Scotia<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Fort built in 1889 to defend the Halifax harbour<br \/>Designated in 1965<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Fort Rodd Hill <\/strong>&#8211; Colwood, Vancouver Island, British Columbia<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Fort built at the end of the 19th century to insure the defence of Victoria and Esquimalt<br \/>Designated in 1958; a plaque was dedicated in 1962<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Fort St. Joseph &#8211; St. Joseph Island, Ontario<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>British military post on the western front during the War of 1812<br \/>Designated in 1923; a plaque was dedicated in 1928<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Fort Townshend<\/strong> &#8211; St. John&#8217;s, Newfoundland and&nbsp; Labrador<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Headquarters of the Newfoundland Garrison, 1779-1871<br \/>Designated in 1951; a plaque was dedicated in 1953<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Fort William<\/strong> &#8211; St. John&#8217;s, Newfoundland and Labrador<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Headquarters of the Newfoundland Garrison, 1618-1779<br \/>Designated in 1923; a plaque was dedicated in 1926<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Bridge Island\/Chimney Island<\/strong> &#8211; Chimney Island, Ontario<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Naval base in the War of 1812<br \/>Designated in 1936; a plaque was dedicated in 1937<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Carbonear<\/strong><strong> Island <\/strong>&#8211; Carbonear, Newfoundland and Labrador<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>A symbol of the defence efforts of British establishments against French attacks in 1697 and 1705<br \/>Designated in 1954; a plaque was dedicated in 1981<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Georges<\/strong><strong> Island <\/strong>&#8211; Halifax, Nova Scotia<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Defence structure in the Halifax harbour; includes Fort Charlotte, which surrounds a Martello<br \/>Designated in 1965<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Herschel<\/strong><strong> Island <\/strong>&#8211; Herschel Island, Yukon Territory<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>The creation of a Mounted Police detachment in 1903; affirmed Canadian sovereignty in the western Arctic<br \/>Designated in 1972; a plaque was dedicated in 1975<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Navy Island <\/strong>&#8211; Niagara Falls, Ontario<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Archeological vestiges linked to ship building<br \/>Designated in 1921; a plaque was dedicated in 1928<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>American Military Presence on Newfoundland <\/strong>&#8211; Argentia<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Commemorates American military bases on Newfoundland during the World War II<br \/>Designated in 1988; a plaque was dedicated in 1998<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Canadian Military Presence on Newfoundland <\/strong>&#8211; Argentia<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Commemorates Canadian military bases on Newfoundland during the World War II<br \/>Designated in 2000<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Canadian Sovereignty in the Arctic Archipelago <\/strong>&#8211; Melville Island, Northwest Territories<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Events linked to the exercise of Canadian Sovereignty<br \/>Designated in 1981<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Cathcart Tower <\/strong>&#8211; St. Lawrence Islands Nation Park, Ontario<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Stone fortifications of the British Empire dating back to the mid 19th century<br \/>Designated in 1989<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"title\">&nbsp;<\/h1>\n<div class=\"node\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/islandstudies.com\/research\/canadas-islands-database\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1046\">RETURN TO OVERVIEW<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\"><form role=\"search\" method=\"get\" 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All rights reserved.<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>3 \u2013 Canada&#8217;s Islands and the Military &nbsp; &nbsp;3.1 THE GEOSTRATEGIC ROLE OF ISLANDS Since the 17th Century, Canada\u2019s islands have been linked to French, British and Canadian Military activities. Below is a thematic classification of these islands, according to &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/research\/canadas-islands-database\/canadas-islands-and-the-military\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1046,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1058"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1058"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1058\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1046"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.upei.ca\/testforneal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}